Editing Mars

{{planet
|image=[[Image:Mars02.jpg|300px]]
|fgcolor=#000000
|name=Mars
|race=[[Human]] <small>(colonised)</small>
10% others
|affiliation=[[Earth Alliance]] <small>(Independent member from [[2262]])</small><br>[[Mars Provisional Government]]<br>[[Interstellar Alliance]] <small>(from [[2261]].)</small>
|capitalcity=[[Mars Dome One]]
|population=>2 Million <small>(population in the primary colony) (Circa [[2261]])</small>
|habitability=Cold climate<br>Low pressure atmosphere<br>0.38 standard gravity<br>
Little oxygen<br>Terraforming ongoing
|satellites=[[Phobos]]<br>[[Deimos]]
|star=[[Sol]]
|system=[[Sol System]]
|sector=|fate = Possibly destroyed <small>(1,002,261)</small>}}{{Quote box|Did you know this place was named after the god of war? Its rising foretold the death of kings, the collapse of empires. It was a very bad sign. Now there are 2 million people living here.|[[Wade]] to [[Michael Garibaldi]], [[2261]]|It's still a bad sign.}}

'''Mars''' was the fourth planet located in the [[Sol system]], named after the [[wikipedia:Mars (god)|god]] of war in the pantheon of [[Earth]]'s ancient Roman Empire. Mars was the site of the largest and most prominent Earth colony that later became an independent state. Many important individuals have their roots here.

== History ==
===Early Exploration===
{{citation}}
[[wikipedia:Viking 1|Viking 1]], the first human probe to safely land on the surface of Mars, set down on [[wikipedia:Chryse Planitia|Chryse Planitia]] on July 20, [[20th_Century_and_earlier#1970s|1976]] and was the first of several such missions, with varying levels of success, that progressed into the early 21st Century. 
Ares 3, carrying an international crew of four, was [[Earth]]'s very first manned interplanetary vessel and arrived on Mars on July 4, [[21st Century|2057]]. The Ares missions continued until [[21st_Century#2072|2072]] when Ares 13's braking system failed during Mars entry, killing all seven crew members and bringing a halt to any further missions until early in the next century.

===Colonisation===
Manned missions to Mars resumed in [[22nd Century#2101|2101]] with the construction of a series of small scientific and military bases.<ref name=b5chron-1>[[Across Time and Space: The Chronologies of Babylon 5]] - Cites "Data from JMS"</ref> By [[22nd Century#2148|2148]], [[IPX]] had built eight experimental stations near Syria Planum<ref>[[Dark Genesis - The Birth of the Psi Corps]]</ref> and in [[22nd Century#2155|2155]] the first permanent Mars Colony, [[Mars One]], was built on Solis Planum, although the site itself was not considered a prime location. In [[22nd Century#2156|2156]], Earth makes First Contact with the [[Centauri Republic]], precipitating a giant leap forward in propulsion technology when in [[2161]], the Earth Alliance negotiates access to [[Jumpgate]] technology, allowing the establishment of a colony on [[Proxima III]] in [[22nd Century#2164|2164]] and on Thursday July 20, [[22nd Century#2169|2169]] the first group of 768 colonists depart Earth for Mars in a ship piloted by [[John Carter]]. Thanks to the use of Centauri Jumpgate technology, the journey lasts mere hours and construction of [[Mars Dome One]], the new colonial capital, begins.<ref name=b5chron-1>[[Across Time and Space: The Chronologies of Babylon 5]] - Cites "Data from JMS"</ref><ref name="A Spider in the Web">[[A Spider in the Web]]</ref>

However, tragedy struck on Saturday November 15, [[22nd Century#2177|2177]] when a bomb planted by an Earth isolationist movement destroyed Dome One, killing 487, including John Carter.<ref name=b5chron-1>[[Across Time and Space: The Chronologies of Babylon 5]] - Cites "Data from JMS"</ref> Dome One was rebuilt and the [[Earth Alliance]] provided security for the citizens, making the colony a military governorship under [[Earthforce]].

In [[2198]], using technology provided by the Centauri, the terraforming of Mars begins. CFC’s are pumped into the atmosphere to retain heat and the southern polar ice cap is melted, <ref name=b5chron-1>[[Across Time and Space: The Chronologies of Babylon 5]] - Cites "Data from JMS"</ref>releasing water and CO2 into the rapidly thickening atmosphere. Carefully engineered microorganisms are bred and metabolized in the deep permafrost layers. Though the planet was still far from hospitable, by [[2222]], increased atmospheric pressure and average temperature meant than a human could survive outside a dome with only a thermaskin parka and a [[breather]] and not a full pressure suit as had been necessary in the early days.

The colony itself consisted of three large cities, two hundred and thirty experiment and mining stations - most of which were privately owned - and approximately three thousand registered hinterland colonists and at least as many unregistered squatters, religious extremists, utopians, criminals, rugged individualists and "cowboys and Indians" wannabes. With the Mars Colony's drive to encourage settlement in full swing, settlement permits were so cheap that often if a colonist didn't have one the government would simply look the other way.

Though Earthforce was assigned to stop any unregistered transports and mining vessels trying to slip past customs inspections, bypassing taxes and tariffs, the number of ships assigned to the task was woefully inadequate to police the sheer volume of traffic. In reality only around a tenth of unauthorised traffic was detected, add to which a surface area greater than the combined land masses of [[Earth]] and the result was an almost total lack of effective security. Even [[Psi Corps]] only had forty trained [[Psi Cop]]s assigned to the colony, not nearly enough to be effective in a population of that size.

The state of affairs was perpetuated mostly because the Mars-born citizens liked the degree of freedom the poor EA security arrangements afforded them and because to improve them would cost significantly more [[credits]] than [[Earthgov]] was willing to spend on the problem. Put simply, colonial security stank and nobody cared.<ref name="DRBA">[[Deadly Relations - Bester Ascendant]]</ref>

===Secrets and Rebellions===
[[image:Mars Dig 02.png|thumb|250px|An IPX dig uncovers a Shadow Vessel on Syria Planum.]]
During the [[Earth-Minbari War]], the colony openly declared its neutrality in the conflict, further deepening the bad blood between the '[[Earthers]]' and '[[Marsies]]'. While it was unlikely the [[Minbari]] were concerned with the declaration of neutrality, they nevertheless bypassed Mars in favor of an all-out assault on Earth, resulting in the [[Battle of the Line]]. After the war ended, supply shortages led to the so-called "''[[Mars Food Riots|Food Riots]]''", which were eventually put down by [[Earthforce]].

In [[2253]], [[IPX]], still following up old rumors and false leads on artifacts that had supposedly been buried beneath the Martian soil for thousands of years, a team led by Dr. [[Mary Kirkish]] picked up something on IPX's sonic probes that was clearly not a natural formation some 300 feet beneath the surface of Syria Planum. The object was buried so deep it had been there at least a thousand years. Seeing as it was the middle of the Martian winter, it took weeks just to excavate half of it. Even that was enough to give Kirkish nightmares for the rest of her life.

The [[Shadow Vessel|ship]], as the object later turned out to be, was the find of a lifetime. A week after sending word to [[Earth Central]], Kirkish and her team were suddenly ordered to stop digging and pull back to their secondary base two miles away, threatening dismissal for any who tried to stay. For the next six days they sat waiting while unmarked shuttles flew in and out of the area surrounding the dig site before all activity suddenly ceased. Just then, Kirkish observed an identical vessel arriving overheard, which began firing on the site. At first Kirkish thought it was destroying its counterpart, but it soon became clear that it was finishing digging it out. After the new ship disappeared below the ridge, nothing happened for the next twenty or twenty-five minutes until they heard a mind-splitting scream, like "the sound of something terrible being born." and she watched as both ships took off for deep space. After the incident, Kirkish and her colleagues were warned there would be unfortunate consequences if they told anyone what they had seen, breaking them up and assigning them to other worlds so they wouldn't have a chance to talk to each other.<ref name="Messages from Earth">[[Messages from Earth]]</ref>

[[image:Derek Mobotabwe.jpg|thumb|left|250px|[[Derek Mobotabwe]] of [[ISN]] reporting on the rebellion from the [[Olympus Mons]] station.]]
[[2258]] saw a wide-scale [[Mars Rebellion|rebellion]] on the colony against Earth Alliance rule and their puppet "[[Martian Provisional government|provisional government]]."<ref name="Voiceinwild">[[A Voice in the Wilderness, Part I]]</ref> The [[President]] was initially reluctant to use force to resolve the situation, but eventually caved to intense political pressure and deployed elite shock troops to put down the insurgency. The conflict was not limited to the surface domes, as several ships were engaged in Mars orbit including one piloted by the notorious [[Free Mars]] terrorist [[Abel Horn]], who was shot down over Phobos by the [[EAS Pournelle]] during the battle.

On April 14, [[2260]] Mars officially declared independence from the Alliance in protest over the bombings of civilian targets because of the provisional government's refusal to accede to [[President]] [[Morgan Clark|Clark]]'s martial law decree. Though [[Proxima III]], [[Orion VII]], and [[Babylon 5]] also declared their independence in protest and solidarity over the Mars bombings, an [[Earthforce]] embargo and blockade meant that for now, Mars was on its own.  
Over the next 18 months the [[Mars Resistance|Resistance]] continued to fight a guerrilla war against [[Earthforce]], though they were quickly forced to occupy old supply and mining tunnels to hide from Earth troops and guard against a frontal assault.<ref name="Racing Mars">[[Racing Mars]]</ref>

In mid May of [[2261]], senior members of the Babylon 5 command staff made it through the embargo and pledged [[Captain]] [[John Sheridan|Sheridan]]'s support and a promise that they would move against [[Earth]] at the appropriate time. However as a show of support for [[Number One]], Dr. [[Stephen Franklin|Franklin]] stipulated that the bombing of civilian targets had to stop.<ref>[[Lines of Communication]]</ref>

On November 1, the resistance launched simultaneous attacks on five Earth Alliance military bases on Mars, while [[Sheridan]]'s fleet engaged the thirty-five [[Omega class destroyer]]s under the command of [[General]] [[Robert Leftcourt]] that had gathered in Mars orbit. Most of his fleet was disabled by [[Shadow]] modified [[telepath]]s that had been smuggled aboard by Earthforce sympathisers on Mars. With the loyalist fleet disabled, the liberation fleet left Mars for Earth space.

After the conclusion of the war, the colony was granted independence from Earth, as a condition for the [[Earth Alliance]]'s membership in the new [[Interstellar Alliance]].  
Though no longer a colony world, Mars remained part of the Earth Alliance, though now as an equal member.

===Independence===
On Sunday June 15, [[2267]], six months after the [[Drakh]] [[Drakh attack of Earth|attack]] on Earth, a [[Plague Eradication Management Strategies Mars Conference|conference]] of the [[Earth Alliance]] [[Earth Alliance Health Organization|Health Organization]], overseen by [[Earthforce]] [[Captain]] [[Elizabeth Lochley]], was held on Mars to bring together experts from unaffected [[Earth]] colonies to plan a unified plan of research. The conference was the idea of Dr. Franklin, then head of [[Xenobiological Research]] at [[Earth Dome]]. The keynote speaker was Doctor [[Sarah Chambers]] of the ''[[Excalibur]]''.<ref name="Ruling from the Tomb">[[Ruling from the Tomb]]</ref>
By this time, the population of Mars had grown to around 2 million individuals, 10% of which consisted of non-humans.<ref name="tEoVP">[[The Exercise of Vital Powers]]</ref><ref name="Ruling from the Tomb" />

==Notable Locations==
Most of the settlements on Mars are located under large [[macromolecular glass]] domes linked by transport tubes. The tubes are heavily reinforced (reportedly indestructible), capable of easily withstanding blasts from grenades and explosives.<ref name="Racing Mars" /><ref>[[Deadly Relations - Bester Ascendant]]</ref>
While humans are capable of enduring the temperature and pressure on the surface, they require a breathing apparatus since the atmosphere does not have sufficient nitrogen-oxygen levels.
===Surface Features===
====Amazonis Planitia====
Downland plain on Mars, west of Olympus Mons. When Sarah and [[Aldous Gajic]] took a vacation with their children from [[Earth]] to the Mars colony, they took a [[Crawler]] out and were halfway across Amazonis Planitia when the ground gave way beneath them. Aldous survived but Sarah and the children were killed in the accident.<ref>[[Grail (episode)]]</ref>

====Chryse Planitia====
Downland plain on Mars, near [[wikipedia:Tharsis|Tharsis]]. Location of the Viking 1 Landing Site Park, a popular tourist destination.

====Lunis Planum====
Upland plain on Mars. Location of the [[Lunis Planum Prison Base]], from which [[Abel Horn]] escaped on April 15 [[2253]].<ref name="A Spider in the Web" />

====Olympus Mons====
A large edifice on Mars, known for being the highest volcano and mountain in the [[Sol System]], situated north west of Syria Planum.
By [[2222]] Olympus Mons was the location of one of the colony's three major cities.<ref name="DRBA" /> Also the location of an [[ISN]] relay station, from which [[Derek Mobotabwe]] broadcast a live report on the ongoing [[Mars Rebellion]] of [[2258]].<ref name="Voiceinwild" /> Olympus Mons was also home to some of Mars' more upper crust entertainments that, along with [[New Vegas]] were among the few resort towns to survive the economic depression following the [[Earth-Minbari War]] and the subsequent period that saw an increased souring of relations with Earth, a supply embargo and the [[Martian Food Riots]].<ref name="DRBA" />

====Solis Planum====
[[Image:Mars - Solis Planum.jpg|thumb|Fort Walters on Solis Planum]]
Upland plain on Mars, situated south east of Syria Planum. Location of the first permanent human Colony, [[Mars One]].<ref name="b5chron-1">[[Across Time and Space: The Chronologies of Babylon 5]] - Cites "Data from JMS"</ref>
By [[2222]] Solis Planum was the location of [[Mars Dome One]], the colonial capital and one of the colony's three major cities.<ref name="DRBA" />
In the mid-23rd Century, it is the location of an [[Earthforce Security]] staging area at [[Fort Walters]]. During the [[Mars Rebellion]] of [[2258]], Troops from Syria Planum were sent to reinforce patrols in Solis Planum and outlying regions. In [[2261]], renegade Captain [[John Sheridan]] was held at Fort Walters for interrogation, before he was rescued by [[Michael Garibaldi]], [[Lyta Alexander]] and [[Stephen Franklin]] with the help of the [[Mars Resistance|resistance]].<ref name="Voiceinwild" /><ref>[[Between the Darkness and the Light]]</ref>

====Syria Planum====
[[Image:Mars.jpg|thumb|The colony city at Syria Planum, Mars]]
Upland plain on Mars, situated south east of Olympus Mons. Military reserve troops had bases here<ref>[[Martian Provisional government#Overthrow]]</ref>.  Location of one of the colony's three major cities and a secret [[Psi Corps]] intelligence center that served as a base for [[Department Sigma]].<ref name="DRBA" /><ref>[[A Voice in the Wilderness, Part I]]</ref> [[Lyta Alexander]] made her way to Syria Planum via the [[underground railroad]] and gathered funds to go to [[Vorlon]] territory via the [[Martian resistance]]. An agent of theirs died after finding evidence of a sleeper program producing an agent on Babylon 5.<ref>[[Divided Loyalties]]</ref>

Former board member of [[Edgars Industries]], Mr. [[Paretti]] has a daughter living in Syria Planum, though his wife is apparently unaware of her existence.<ref>[[Objects in Motion]]</ref> In [[2253]], Syria Planum was the site of an [[IPX]] sponsored [[Syria Planum Incident|dig]] that uncovered a dormant [[Shadow Vessel]] that for a thousand years, had been buried 300 feet beneath the Martian surface. [[Mary Kirkish]] is the last known surviving member of the archaeological team.<ref name="Messages from Earth" /> Mr. [[Bester]] once claimed that when he used to go home that he'd take his wife and young daughter out under the dome on Syria Planum for a Sunday picnic and watch the stars come out.<ref name="artdp">[[A Race Through Dark Places]]</ref>

====Tharsis====
An enormous volcanic plateau located in the equatorial region at the western end of Valles Marineris. Tharsis is the location of the deserted resort, the [[hotel Tharsis]] and the titanic [[#Olympus Mons|Olympus Mons]] volcano.

====Xanthe Terra====
An extensive land mass on Mars situated just north of the equator, north east of Syria Planum and east of Olympus Mons. Location of one of the Mars colony's larger townships, though it was by no means comparable to the cities at Olympus Mons, Solis or Syria Planum.<ref name="DRBA" />

===Satellites===
Mars has two small moons:
*'''[[wikipedia:Phobos (moon)|Phobos]]''': The larger and closer of Mars' two small moons. It had a maximum security station. [[Abel Horn]] was held there for a year. In 2258, he was in a ship during the [[Mars Resistance]] and was destroyed by the [[Earthforce]] battle cruiser {{EAS1|Pournelle}} over Phobos in [[2258]], during the [[Mars Rebellion]].
*'''[[wikipedia:Deimos (moon)|Deimos]]''': The small and outer of Mars' two small moons.

===Martian Cities and Towns===
[[Image:Marscity01.jpg|right|thumb|Mars Dome One, Solis Planum]]
*'''[[Mars Dome One]]''': Mars capital, located in Solis Planum. Includes the Mars Government Center and Earthforce Base.<ref name="DRBA" />
*'''Mars Dome Two'''
*'''Mars Dome Three'''
*'''Aldrin Earthforce Base''': Located along the transit link from Mars Dome One, close to Armstrong Park & Dome and Collins Spaceport.
*'''Armstrong Park & Dome''': Located along the transit link from Mars Dome One and is the location of Collins Spaceport and [[Aldrin Earthforce Base]].
*'''Collins Spaceport''': Located along the transit link from Mars Dome One, close to Armstrong Park & Dome and Aldrin Earthforce Base.
*'''Coultas City''': Located along the transit link from Mars Dome One and the Metro Center transfer station, close to [[Gaithersburg]].
*'''Flinntown''': During the [[Earth Alliance Civil War]], Flinntown was one of the cities held by the [[Mars Resistance]] until it taken by [[Earthforce]].<ref name="tIoT">[[The Illusion of Truth]]</ref>
*'''Gagarin City''': Located along the transit link from Mars Dome One.
*'''Gaithersburg''': Located along the transit link from Mars Dome One and the Metro Center transfer station.
*'''Gotham City''': Located along the transit link from Mars Dome One, close to Gagarin City.
*'''Hotel Tharsis‎''': Lavish by Martian standards, the hotel Tharsis‎ was once an exclusive and isolated luxury resort out on [[#Tharsis‎|Tharsis‎]]. Like many of its kind, the hotel was abandoned as a result of the economic depression following the [[Earth-Minbari War]]. The subsequent period saw an increased souring of relations with Earth, a supply embargo and the [[Martian Food Riots]]. It later became home to fifty or so squatters and in [[2253]] it was where [[Psi Cop]] [[Bester]] tracked and killed the [[Department Sigma]] [[blip]], [[McDwyer]].<ref name="DRBA" />
*'''[[New Vegas]]''': A major [[Earth Alliance]] resort city known for its gambling establishments, lottery and entertainment it is named after the [[Earth]] city [[Las Vegas]]. New Vegas, along with the more upper crust entertainments at [[#Olympus Mons|Olympus Mons]], was one of the few resort towns to survive the economic depression following the [[Earth-Minbari War]] and the subsequent period that saw an increased souring of relations with Earth, a supply embargo and the [[Martian Food Riots]].<ref name="DRBA" />
*'''New Harappa''': A small settlement of some 600 people located in a fossilised river canyon, relatively close to Mars Dome One, that had been roofed over with the same [[macromolecular glass]] that was used in the colony domes.<ref name="DRBA" />

===Orbital Facilities===
* '''[[LaGrange Station 2]]''': LaGrange 2 is a stone's throw from Mars and serves as a transit point to the outer sectors.<ref name="eyes">[[Eyes (episode)]]</ref>
* '''Station Phobos''': In [[2258]], Station Phobos was attacked by terrorists, possibly [[Free Mars]].<ref name="eyes">[[Eyes]]</ref>
* '''Ritchey Station''': Ritchey Station was destroyed by [[Free Mars]] some time prior to [[2258]], with [[Abel Horn]] claiming responsibility. [[Anna Sheridan|Anna]] and [[John Sheridan]] had some very special friends on the station when it blew.<ref name="A Spider in the Web" />

==References==
<small>{{Reflist|2}}</small>

==External links==
* [[wikipedia:Mars|Mars]] on Wikipedia
[[Category:Planets]]
[[Category:Places]]
[[Category:Colonies]]
[[Category:Earth Alliance colonies]]
[[Category:Mars| ]]